Certified Pediatric Hematology Oncology Nurse (CPHON) Practice Exam

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What is a distinguishing feature of patients with Diamond Blackfan Anemia regarding their bone marrow findings?

Excessive erythroid precursors

Erythroid hypoplasia

The distinguishing feature of Diamond-Blackfan Anemia is erythroid hypoplasia, which refers to a marked reduction in the number of erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. This condition leads to significant anemia as the body fails to produce adequate red blood cells despite normal or increased levels of erythropoietin.

In patients with Diamond-Blackfan Anemia, the bone marrow typically shows diminished erythroid elements, while other myeloid and megakaryocyte lineages may be relatively intact or even increased in certain cases, which helps to differentiate this condition from other types of anemia. This lack of erythroid precursors contrasts with other conditions where one might see an excess of these cells or an increase in overall cellularity in the marrow.

The other choices present findings that do not align with the hallmark presentation of Diamond-Blackfan Anemia.

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Bone marrow hypertrophy

Elevated white blood cell count

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