Certified Pediatric Hematology Oncology Nurse (CPHON) Practice Exam

In patients with Sickle Cell Disease, the average lifespan of red blood cells is significantly shortened compared to the typical lifespan of red blood cells in healthy individuals, which is about 120 days. In Sickle Cell Disease, the abnormal hemoglobin (hemoglobin S) causes the red blood cells to become rigid and sickle-shaped, leading to their premature destruction. This process occurs mainly in the spleen and other parts of the reticuloendothelial system, where the body clears away older or damaged cells.

Because of this increased rate of hemolysis, red blood cells in individuals with Sickle Cell Disease generally have a lifespan ranging from 10 to 20 days. This shortened lifespan contributes to the chronic anemia commonly seen in these patients and underscores the need for careful management of their condition. Understanding this characteristic is crucial for pediatric oncology nursing, as it influences treatment decisions and patient care strategies.