Certified Pediatric Hematology Oncology Nurse (CPHON) Practice Exam

The primary nursing assessment for patients with hereditary spherocytosis is to assess for anemia. Hereditary spherocytosis is an inherited condition characterized by the production of abnormal red blood cells that are sphere-shaped rather than the typical disc shape. This alteration causes the cells to be more fragile and prone to hemolysis (destruction), which leads to a reduction in circulating red blood cells and subsequently, anemia.

Anemia can manifest as fatigue, pallor, shortness of breath, and other symptoms associated with decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. Monitoring for signs and symptoms of anemia is crucial for managing the patient's condition and guiding treatment decisions, such as the need for blood transfusions or splenectomy.

The other options are less relevant to hereditary spherocytosis. Diarrhea might be assessed for other gastrointestinal issues but is not a hallmark of this condition. Hypertension and hypoglycemia are not directly linked with hereditary spherocytosis, making anemia the most pertinent assessment focus in this context.