Certified Pediatric Hematology Oncology Nurse (CPHON) Practice Exam

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What is the most common infection associated with secondary Cold Antibody AIHA?

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is often associated with secondary cold antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) because this bacterium can induce the production of cold agglutinins—antibodies that cause red blood cells to clump together at cooler temperatures. This clumping can lead to hemolysis and subsequent anemia. The condition is typically seen in patients with certain types of infections where the immune response is triggered, leading to the production of these antibodies.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is known to be a respiratory pathogen that primarily causes atypical pneumonia, and in some cases, this infection can provoke the immune system to produce cold agglutinins, resulting in secondary AIHA. This link is well-documented in medical literature, illustrating how Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection can lead to the development of this type of anemia in susceptible individuals.

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Escherichia coli

HIV

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